R4 bloc, European powers discuss developments in the Gulf in Istanbul meeting

Developments in the Gulf region amid the US-Israeli war on Iran came under discussion as the R4 foreign ministers — Pakistan, Egypt, Saudi Arabia and Turkiye — met with their counterparts from France, Germany, Italy and the United Kingdom. The R4 group, comprising Pakistan, Egypt, Saudi Arabia and Turkiye, emerged in March and has been focusing on regional security and mediation efforts between the United States and Iran. According to the Foreign Office (FO), Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Mi

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