From Invasion to Integration of J&K: The triumph of civilizational integrity and sovereign resolve

J&K’s history is extensive, shaped by empires and dynasties such as the Mauryan, Kushan, Gupta, and Mughal. The introduction of Buddhism also had a profound cultural influence in the area. In the early 1800s, the Hindu (Sikh) Empire under Maharaja Ranjit Singh governed the region, but following his death, it fell into political instability. In the mid-1800s, Maharaja Gulab Singh, a Dogra leader, gained control of J&K through the ‘Treaty of Amritsar’ with the British. His heirs, the Dogra rulers,

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