From deadly derailments to smarter railways: How Bharat is using AI and Kavach to redefine train safety

For three decades, Spain’s high-speed network carried a quiet boast: no fatal crash on its dedicated lines since 1992. In 2026, that record was broken twice. In January, an Iryo train derailed near Adamuz in Córdoba province and was hit by an oncoming Renfe service, killing about 45 people. On 28 October, a Renfe high-speed train ran into a stationary Iryo train in Toledo province, killing at least 68. It was Europe’s deadliest rail accident since 2013. Transport Minister Óscar Puente blamed an

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